Hi {!firstname_fix}

Today I am including the Fats and Cancer article. A number of people are dealing with cancer and I thought this would be a good resource.

Please feel free to pass this week's newsletter on to your friends and family. Don't forget to let me know what you like and would like to see.

A copy of this newsletter may also be found posted on the web at http://www. radiantrecovery.com/weeklynewsletter. If you wish to unsubscribe, use the link at the bottom of the page. Do not email me, do not get mad at me, just click on the link and you will be forever removed.

And be sure to visit our Radiant Recovery® website and Community Forum regularly.

Warmly,
Kathleen

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September 12, 2004
** Quote From Kathleen **

A child's natural curiosity and excitement about making connections is a powerful ally in the process

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** Testimonial for the Week**

I've just been to a 3 hour stress "course".

The man who led it is very widely read and has read PnP in Danish along with many other books. Knows a lot about kinetic energy and pressure points, among other things.

One of the things he talked about was that diet is a factor in being able to or not being able to handle stress.

He also did something extremely interesting. He showed a little strength test where he asked a man to hold his arm out from his side at shoulder length and then he (the leader) stood behind him and tried to push the man's arm down with two fingers. Of course, he couldn't do it.

Then the man ate two sugar cubes and waited a couple minutes. Then he did the strength test again and he could easily push the man's arm down with two fingers!!!!

I went home and tried it on my kids--I didn't feed them sugar cubes, but they have been having a couple of pieces of candy after their meal--they are only on step 1.

Sure enough, it worked! They thought that was a great hoot. I figure this is a building block for "the buy-in."

The oldest son then ran around the block. When he came back, he was already stronger. Took the dog for a walk, and basically was "strong" again when he came back. The younger son wandered around the house eating carrot sticks and regained his "strength" that way.

Interesting stuff!

Beth

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**Your Last Diet: More Than What You Think**

We are getting settled into our new routines. The next few weeks will be *tidy up* time. I have some great new research to share about weight loss. Look forward to it!!!

http://www.radiantrecovery.com/YLD_signup.htm

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**Radiant Ambassadors**

I got the business cards a couple of days ago. Yesterday while I was at the library I stuck one into the Atkins book, page 100. Because it is hard bound, it stayed in. Perhaps whoever comes across it will check out RR.

I also mailed a copy of LSA to a friend who lives on the east coast. She has two grandchildren and a daughter who are all SS.

And while I went to the grocery store picking out Yukon gold potatoes, a woman nearby asked if I was making potato salad (I had two bags!). I told her a bit about the program, showed her the potato key chain and handed her a card.

This is great fun.

Carrie

If you love the program, consider joining the ambassador group. We are having a blast!

Come find us among the Online Groups

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**David's Corner **


Someone told me she was having a hard time finding Your last Diet in the stores. We have lots of wonderful hard copy books on hand. They are ideal if you are doing the online program. You can write in them, the paper won't bleed and you will have it as a great reference book.

George's Jr. is a new whey based shake mix for children. It is now in the pipeline and we are taking pre-orders for it.



Please send questions and suggestions for items you might like to see in our store. YOU are building our store. Tell me what you want and we will sort it out.

Thanks
David

And of course, we have something for everybody in our store


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**Featured Topic**
Fats and Cancer
by Kathleen DesMaisons, Ph. D.

 I recently began reviewing the scientific literature for the relationship between fats and breast cancer. I had heard about the high fat/breast cancer connection, but wanted to understand the issues more in depth. It is striking to me that more information has not been provided to the public on the role of fats in cancer treatment outcomes. This short paper will give you a summary of the material I have found.

“These results indicated that a high-fat diet rich in Omega-3 fatty acids can suppress human breast cancer cell growth and metastasis.” (Rose) Strong words, but they sure seem to be warranted by the evidence in the literature. The use of the term suppress (my emphasis) is shown throughout the literature.

The fat/cancer connection

Thirty years ago, a strong correlation was made between high fat diets and the initiation and course of breast cancer (Rao). Mice fed corn oil had tumors that grew 3-4 times larger than those in the mice fed fat free diets. This was found to be true even on diets of 20% fat levels (Ip). A 20% fat level would not now be considered “high” fat by the generally accepted standards. High fat is now thought of as greater than 30%. Tumor weight increased proportionately to the amount of corn oil fed.

In the mid-eighties, researchers started to differentiate the kinds of fats people were eating and began to demonstrate that it was not the overall amount of fat so much as the type of fats being eaten. The findings about corn oil inducing mammary tumors were replicated numerous times. Cold water fish oil was found to have an inhibitory effect on breast cancer tumors (Braden).

The differentiation of the importance of the type of fat on breast cancer growth was studied more and more. Breast cancer researchers started to see that Omega-6 fatty acids (those found in corn oil and saturated fats) were strongly associated with the incidence, size and rate growth of tumors. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited in animals given Omega-3 fatty acids as fish oil (Kort). They also found that low levels of Omega-3 fatty acids (those found in fish and flax oils) were predictive of the incidence and severity of metastasis. (Bougoroux) Further studies showed that Omega-3 fatty acids delay or reduce tumor development, and create a statistically significant decrease in metastasis (Cave, Fay). Increased Omega-3 fatty acids prolong survival (Gogos), enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy (Das), and reduce the negative impact of radiation treatment (Gramaglia).

Other studies were done showing the effect of Omega-3 fatty acids from flaxseed and flax oil on other types of cancer. These studies showed a reduction of epithelial cell proliferation of melanoma cells by 40-50% (Serraino), a reduction of tumor volume by 50% (Thompson), a reduction of metastasis by 50-64% (Yan). A positive anti-estrogenic effect from flax was found to be equivalent to half of that of Tamoxifan with no side effects (Ocheson). Researchers found a differential effect of flaxmeal and flax oil with the meal being more beneficial as a protectant in the promotional phase of cancer and the oil being more effective in the reduction of already established tumors (Thompson).

Clinical Implications

Based on these finding, I have some specific suggestions for clinical intervention:

Strongly encourage people to stop using products high in Omega-6 fatty acids. The biggest culprit is corn oil. Stay away from products with corn oil. Do not use margarine. It is hydrogenated oil and will exacerbate the negative effect of Omega-6 fatty acids.

If you will be encouraging people to use protein shakes as a nutritional intervention, steer them away from commercially prepared options. Most of these preparations use corn oil as the lipid and include high amounts of refined sugar. I have included a recommendation for an ideal shake mix that provides 20-25 grams of protein, excellent carbohydrate and a good source of Omega-3 fatty acids.

Reduce saturated fats as much as possible. Be realistic on this one. I often encourage people to try to eat more fish rather than meat, use olive oil rather than butter and steer towards lower fat cheeses. You do NOT want to encourage a strict low fat diet because that can also reduce the amount of Omega-3 fatty acids. Work towards moderate fats with a high proportion of Omega-3 fats and neutral monounsaturated fats like olive oil, almonds and avocados. The Omega Diet by Artemis Simopoulos, M.D. is the best book I have found on the subject of fats.

Encourage a significant increase in Omega-3 fats - found in fish and flax meal and oil. I encourage people to eat salmon frequently and if appropriate to take salmon capsules several times a day. I will be working with some experienced clinicians to identify ideal levels. For now, I am recommending between 6-18 grams of cold water fish (I recommend salmon) oil per day in 3 divided doses depending on the symptoms being addressed and the weight of the person. The capsules generally come as 1 grams units.

Some people, particularly those who are sugar sensitive and may have lower levels of functioning lipase activity, do not seem to tolerate the fish oil well. The addition of digestive enzymes including lipase prior to taking the capsules seems to eliminate the fish-taste regurgitation.

The addition of flax oil to the regime may enhance the effect of the increased omega-3 fatty acids. They appear to have slightly differing effects and may be synergistic.

Because flax oil has anti-estrogenic properties, it is useful in treating symptoms such as hot flashes. It also appears to have a chemoprotective effect for post-menopausal women. However, by the same token, it is not advised for use with pregnant or lactation women because at higher doses flax may affect fetal reproductive development.

George's Shake®

2 cups of low fat milk, almond or oatmilk (I recommend oat milk because of its overall health value). Get the ones that do not have added sugars. The natural sugar found in milk or oatmilk does not present a problem. Do not use rice milk because it seems to trigger cravings for “sweet.” Adjust the amount of liquid to get the taste and consistency you like.

1/2 c. juice. Choose whatever juice you find the most comforting. Some people forgo the juice and simply use more milk liquid.

1/3 cup of George's Shake (based on your weight of 150 pounds).

1-2 Tsp fish oil. I recommend the one we carry in our store because it has a great flavor and is certified free of heavy metals.

Fruit if you like. 1/2 a banana, a few frozen strawberries, some frozen blueberries.

This shake is an ideal meal for on-the-run or falling off the cliff. You should not use it more than once a day. It is fine for children to have. If you give it to children, Use George's Jr.

If you would like to print this out and share it with your friends or your doctor., please do so.

Bibliography on Some Thoughts on Fats and Cancer

Bartsch H, Nair J, Owen RW. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancers of the breast and colorectum: emerging evidence for their role as risk modifiers. Carcinogenesis . 1999 Dec;20(12):2209-18. Review.

Bougnoux P, Koscielny S, Chajes V, Descamps P, Couet C, Calais G. alpha-Linolenic acid content of adipose breast tissue: a host determinant of the risk of earlymetastasis in breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 1994 Aug;70(2):330-4.

Bougnoux P, Koscielny S, Chajes V, Descamps P, Couet C, Calais G., Braden LM, Carroll KK. Dietary polyunsaturated fat in relation to mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Lipids. 1986 Apr;21(4):285-8.

Cave WT Jr. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fats and breast cancer. Nutrition. 1996 Jan;12(1 Suppl):S39-42. Review.

Cave WT Jr. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in rodent models of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997 Nov-Dec;46(2-3):239-46. Review.

Connolly JM, Gilhooly EM, Rose DP. Effects of reduced dietary linoleic acid intake, alone or combined with an algal source of docosahexaenoic acid, on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell growth and apoptosis in nude mice. Nutr Cancer. 1999;35(1):44-9.

Connolly JM, Liu XH, Rose DP. Effects of dietary menhaden oil, soy, and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor on human breast cancer cell growth and metastasis in nude mice. Nutr Cancer. 1997;29(1):48-54.

Das UN. Reversal of tumor cell drug resistance by essential fatty acids. Lipids. 1999;34 Suppl:S103.

Fay MP, Freedman LS. Meta-analyses of dietary fats and mammary neoplasms in rodent experiments. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997 Nov-Dec;46(2-3):215-23.

Gogos CA, Ginopoulos P, Salsa B, Apostolidou E, Zoumbos NC, Kalfarentzos F. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids plus vitamin E restore immunodeficiency and prolong survival for severely ill patients with generalized malignancy: a randomized control trial. Cancer. 1998 Jan 15;82(2):395-402.

Gramaglia A, Loi GF, Mongioj V, Baronzio GF. Increased survival in brain metastatic patients treated with stereotactic radiotherapy, omega three fatty acids and bioflavonoids. Anticancer Res. 1999 Nov-Dec;19(6C):5583-6.

Ip C, Carter CA, Ip MM. Requirement of essential fatty acid for mammary tumorigenesis in the rat. Cancer Res. 1985 May;45(5):1997-2001.

Kalamegham R, Carroll KK. Reversal of the promotional effect of high-fat diet on mammary tumorigenesis by subsequent lowering of dietary fat. Nutr Cancer. 1984;6(1):22-31.

Kort WJ, Weijma IM, Bijma AM, van Schalkwijk WP, Vergroesen AJ, Westbroek DL. Omega-3 fatty acids inhibiting the growth of a transplantable rat mammary adenocarcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987 Sep;79(3):593-9.

Li D, Yee JA, Thompson LU, Yan L. Dietary supplementation with secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG) reduces experimental metastasis of melanoma cells in mice. Lett. 1999 Jul 19;142(1):91

Orcheson LJ, Rickard SE, Seidl MM, Thompson LU. Flaxseed and its mammalian lignan precursor cause a lengthening or cessation of estrous cycling in rats. Cancer Lett. 1998 Mar 13;125(1-2):69-76.

Rao GA, Abraham S. Enhanced growth rate of transplanted mammary adenocarcinoma induced in C3H mice by dietary linoleate. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1976 Feb;56(2):431-2.

Rose DP, Connolly JM, Coleman M. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the progression of metastases after the surgical excision of human breast cancer cell solid tumors growing in nude mice. Clin Cancer Res. 1996 Oct;2(10):1751-6.

Rose DP, Connolly JM. Influence of dietary linoleic acid on experimental human breast cancer cell metastasis in athymic nude mice. Int J Oncol. 1998 Dec;13(6):1179-83.

Rose DP, Connolly JM. Omega-3 fatty acids as cancer chemopreventive agents. Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Sep;83(3):217-44. Review.

Senzaki H, Iwamoto S, Ogura E, Kiyozuka Y, Arita S, Kurebayashi J, Takada H, Hioki K, Tsubura A. Dietary effects of fatty acids on growth and metastasis of KPL-1 human breast cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Anticancer Res. 1998 May-Jun;18(3A):1621-7.

Serraino M, Thompson LU. The effect of flaxseed supplementation on early risk markers for mammary carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett. 1991 Nov;60(2):135-42.

Thompson LU, Rickard SE, Orcheson LJ, Seidl MM. Flaxseed and its lignan and oil components reduce mammary tumor growth at a late stage of carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 1996 Jun;17(6):1373-6.

Thompson LU. Experimental studies on lignans and cancer. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Dec;12(4):691-705. Review.

Tou JC, Chen J, Thompson LU. Flaxseed and its lignan precursor, secoisolariciresinol diglycoside, affect pregnancy outcome and reproductive development in rats. J Nutr. 1998 Nov;128(11):1861-8.

Yan L, Yee JA, Li D, McGuire MH, Thompson LU. Dietary flaxseed supplementation and experimental metastasis of melanoma cells in mice. Cancer Lett. 1998 Feb 27;124(2):181-6.

©Kathleen DesMaisons 2004.